你好!我是你的英语老师。在中学英语语法中,连词(Conjunctions)是构建句子的骨架。而 because(原因)、so(结果)和 although(让步)则是中考和高考中最基础、最常考、也最容易掉进陷阱的三个逻辑连词。
今天我们通过“逻辑关系法”来彻底攻克这三个词。
📌 第一部分:核心考点思维导图
| 连词 | 逻辑关系 | 语法功能 | 翻译 |
|---|---|---|---|
| because | 因果(原因) | 引导原因状语从句 | 因为... |
| so | 因果(结果) | 连接并列句,表示结果 | 所以... |
| although | 让步(转折) | 引导让步状语从句 | 虽然...;尽管... |
📌 第二部分:知识点详解与对比
1. because (原因状语从句)
- 用法: 用于回答 why 引导的提问,语气最强,表示直接原因。
- 结构:
Because + 句子或句子 + because + 句子。 - 例句: I stayed at home because it rained. (我待在家里是因为下雨了。)
2. so (并列连词)
- 用法: 表示上文导致的结果。
- 结构:
句子(原因), so + 句子(结果)。 - 例句: It rained, so I stayed at home. (下雨了,所以我待在家里。)
3. although / though (让步状语从句)
- 用法: 表示“虽然……但是……”,体现一种事实上的让步。
- 结构:
Although + 句子(让步), 句子(主句)。 - 例句: Although it rained, I went out. (虽然下雨了,但我还是出去了。)
📌 第三部分:【重难点】考试陷阱与易错点标注
这是中考和高考中最常见的“送分题”,也是最容易出错的地方。请务必记住以下“不共戴天”原则:
❌ 陷阱 1:because 与 so 不能同时出现在一个句子中!
- 中文思维: 因为……所以……(习惯连用)
- 英语规则: 一个逻辑关系只需要一个连词。
- 错误: ~~Because it rained, so I stayed at home.~~ (❌)
- 正确:
- Because it rained, I stayed at home. (√)
- It rained, so I stayed at home. (√)
❌ 陷阱 2:although 与 but 不能同时出现在一个句子中!
- 中文思维: 虽然……但是……(习惯连用)
- 英语规则: although 引导从句,but 连接并列句,二者选其一。
- 错误: ~~Although he is old, but he is strong.~~ (❌)
- 正确:
- Although he is old, he is strong. (√)
- He is old, but he is strong. (√)
- 💡 提分点: although 虽然不能和 but 连用,但可以和 yet 或 still 连用(起强调作用)。
- Although he is old, yet he is still strong. (正确且高级)
📌 第四部分:高阶进阶(高考常考辨析)
为了在高考中拿到高分,你需要掌握以下微观辨析:
1. because vs. because of
- because + 句子 (有主语和谓语)。
- because of + 名词/代词/动名词 (短语)。
- He failed because he was lazy.
- He failed because of his laziness.
2. although vs. though vs. even though
- although / though: 引导事实性的让步(“虽然”)。
- even though / even if: 引导假设性的让步(“即使”),语气更强。
- 特殊用法: though 可以放在句末(用逗号隔开),表示“不过”,而 although 不可以。
- It’s hard work. I enjoy it, though. (这是高考完形填空的高频考点)
3. but vs. however
- but: 并列连词,直接连接两个句子,中间通常用逗号或不用。
- however: 副词,位置灵活(句首、句中、句末),必须用逗号隔开。
- It rained, but he went out.
- It rained. However, he went out.
📌 第五部分:名师总结顺口溜(背诵金句)
因果连词要牢记,because/so 别挤在一起。
让步连词 although/though,but 见了它就得走。
逻辑关系看仔细,一正一反 although 提,前因后果 because/so 记。
✍️ 随堂小练 (Check Point)
请用 because, so, although 填空:
- ___ it was very cold, he didn't put on his coat.
- He was ill, ___ he didn't go to school.
- I like the dress ___ the color is beautiful.
- ___ he is a child, he knows a lot about history.
【参考答案】
1. Although (虽然冷,但不穿大衣——转折/让步)
2. so (生病是因,不去学校是果)
3. because (喜欢是果,颜色漂亮是因)
4. Although (虽然是小孩,但懂得多——转折/让步)